Obiettivi Formativi

Conoscenza della struttura e funzione della cellula animale, dei meccanismi di riproduzione e dell'anatomia macroscopica e microscopica del corpo umano

Learning Goals

Knowledge of the animal cell structure and function and reproductive mechanisms. Knowledge of gross and microscopic anatomy of the human body.

Teaching Methods

Theoretical lessons divided into groups of topics related to the treatment of the cellular environment and the various tissues, organs and systems supported by power point presentations.

Prerequisiti

Nessuno

Prerequisites

Knowledge of the basics of physics, chemistry, biology, logic.

Assessment

Assessment will be carried out according to teaching calendar by an oral final exam (score out of thirty) that verifies the candidate's knowledge. The evaluation of the final preparation will take into account the commitment shown during the course of the lessons, the degree of preparation, the properties of language in relation to matters and presentation skills. It will be valued as insufficient preparation if there will be gaps in one or more topics; the sufficiency will require the knowledge of the topics not fragmented.

Programma del Corso

•Biologia Animale: Lo studio della Biologia secondo l’ottica evoluzionistica. •Caratteristiche fondamentali dei sistemi viventi. Organizzazione della materia vivente. •Modelli di organizzazione cellulare: procarioti ed eucarioti. Un confronto tra cellule e virus. •Aspetti chimici e biologici delle principali classi di biomolecole. •Organizzazione strutturale e attività funzionali della cellula animale. •Le membrane biologiche. •La comunicazione cellulare. •Il flusso di energia attraverso gli organismi viventi. •Cromosomi, Mitosi e Meiosi. •DNA: Il depositario dell’informazione genetica. •L’espressione genica. •Le tecnologie del DNA e applicazioni in campo farmaceutico. Animali transgenici. •I Protisti. •Il Regno Animalia: Caratteristiche e classificazione degli animali. •Principali Phylum di interesse farmaceutico. •Il sistema immunitario: la difesa interna. •Riproduzione e sviluppo negli animali. •Farmaci naturali di origine animale. •Nozioni sugli animali da esperimento. •Anatomia Generale: Organizzazione generale del corpo umano e terminologia anatomica. Gli organi cavi e gli organi pieni. Le regioni corporee. •Caratteri fondamentali e criteri di classificazione dei tessuti. I tessuti epiteliali, connettivi e muscolari; il tessuto nervoso. •Anatomia Macroscopica e Microscopica: •Apparato Tegumentario, •Apparato Locomotore, •Apparato Circolatorio, •Sistema Immunitario, •Apparato Respiratorio, •Apparato Digerente, •Apparato Urinario, •Apparato Genitale Maschile e Femminile, •Apparato Endocrino, •Sistema Nervoso Centrale e Periferico, •Recettori ed Organi di Senso. Per il programma completo consultare il sito web: http://elfarmacia.unime.it/

Course Syllabus

HUMAN ANATOMY GENERAL ANATOMY: General organization of the human body and anatomical terminology. Structure of the organs. Topographical anatomy. HYSTOLOGY: Fundamental features and criterions of classification of the tissues. Epithelial tissues. Connective tissues. Muscle tissues. Nervous tissue. INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM: General features and structure of the skin. Appendages of the skin. Sweat and mammary glands. LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM: General organization. Sistematic anatomy of the locomotor system. CIRCULATORY SYSTEM: Organization of the blood vascular system. General organization of the systemic and pulmonary circulations. Hearth. Principal arteries and areas of distribution. Principal veins and areas of drainage. Organization of the limphatic system. Lymph vessels. Lymph nodes. Mentions of sistematic anatomy of the limphatic system. IMMUNE SYSTEM: General organization. Bone marrow. Thymus. Spleen. Lymph nodes. Mucose-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: General organization. External nose, nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses. Pharynx. Larynx. Trachea and bronchi. Lungs. Pulmonary alveoli. Pleura. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM: General organization. Mouth: teeth, tongue, salivary glands. Pharynx. Oesophagus. Stomach. Small intestine and large intestine. Liver and excretory biliary apparatus. Pancreas. Blood vessels of the digestive system. Peritoneum. URINARY SYSTEM: General organization. Kidneys. Urinary tracts. MALE GENITAL SYSTEM: General organization. Testes. Spermatic excretory ducts. Glands connected to the spermatic excretory ducts. External genital organs. FEMALE GENITAL SYSTEM: General organization. Ovaries. Female genital tracts. Ovarian cycle. Uterin cycle. External genital organs. DUCTLESS GLANDS: General Organization. Endocrine hypothalamus. Hypophisis and hypophysial portal vessels. Pineal body. Thymus. Thyroid gland. Parathyroid glands. Pancreas. Suprarenal glands. Interstitial cells of the testis. Oophorus follicle and corpus luteum. Diffuse endocrine system. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: General organization of the nervous system. Nerve tracts. Synapses. Types of sensory pathways. Macroscopic description of the central nervous system. Organization of the white and gray matter in the spinal medulla and brainstem. Cerebellum: morphology, cellular composition. Tectum. Diencephalon: morphology, partition. Telenchefalon: morphology, cellular composition. Meninges. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM: General organization. Spinal nerves and cranial nerves, ganglia and organs of sensation. Autonomic nervous system. ANIMAL BIOLOGY The characteristics and chemical composition of living matter. The prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells The viruses, viroids, prions. The structure and functions of cell membranes. The interactions between cells and their environment: -The extracellular matrix and cell adhesion - The cellular junctions. The cytoskeleton and cell motility. The endomembrane system. The nuclear compartment. The genetic information and its expression. The processes of reproduction: -Cell cycle -Cell division: mitosis and meiosis. Signal transduction. Differentiation: Stem cells. The recombinant DNA technologies and applications in the pharmaceutical field.